Import duties are generally divided into two parts, namely, tariffs and value-added taxes. Some products also need to pay VAT (such as wine imports).

But many people don't know how much tax is ultimately required for imports, and most of them mistake the sum of tariff rate and VAT rate by multiplying the value of goods.

In fact, there is a name for the final tax payment, the consolidated tax rate.
The formula for calculating the comprehensive tax rate is tariff + consumption tax + VAT.
Tariff = Value of Goods * Tax Rate
Consumption Tax= (Value of Goods + Tariff)*Tax Rate/(1-Tax Rate)
VAT= (Value of Goods + Consumption Tax + Tariff)*Tax Rate

For example, Europe imports red wine to China with 14% tariff, 10% consumption tax and 17% VAT.

Europe
Tariff=(1*0.14)=0.14
Consumption Tax=(1+0.14)*0.1/0.9=0.12666
VAT=(1+0.12666+0.14)*0.17=0.2153
Comprehensive = 0.14 + 0.127 + 0.2153 = 0.482
The final tariff on red wine is 48.2% of the value of the goods, not 41%.
The taxes paid on your imported products are the sum of customs duties, consumption taxes and value-added taxes, but not the simple addition of tax rates.